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The tidal volume is the volume of air moving in and out of the lungs during normal respiration at rest.
During this phase, the subject is asked to take a very deep breath to fill their lungs. Inspiratory capacity is the maximum volume that can be inspired after a normal expiration.
In this phase the subject is asked to expire as completely as possible and as rapidly as possible. The volume expired after 1 second is called FEV1, meaning "forced expiratory volume". The total amount of air expelled during forced expiration is called the "force vital capacity" (FVC). The volume of air remaining in the lungs after forced expiration is the "residual volume".

This graphic shows changes in lung volume during normal inspiration and expiration at rest (vital capacity) and then shows a deep, full inspiration, and a forced expiration that is done as rapidly as possible. After a full inspiration, the volume of air expelled during the first second of forced expiration is called FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second). The volume of air remaining in the lungs after full, forced expiration is called the "residual volume:".