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Four different definitions of a "cause"

Tab Title: Kenneth Rothman

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An event, condition, or characteristic without which the disease would not have occurred.

Tab Title: M. Susser

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Something that makes a difference.

Tab Title: Merriam-Webster Dictionary

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Something that brings about a result especially a person or thing that is the agent of bringing something about.

Tab Title: Wikipedia

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Causality (or causation) is the relationship between an event (the cause) and a second event (the effect), where the second event is understood as a consequence of the first.